I-L1294 "France" (DYS388=9) update:

A fourth Big Y has been completed for the I-L1294 "France" haplogroup. This haplogroup is rare but characteristic of France. I-L1294 men have also found in Germany, Great Britain and Catalonia (Spain). The I-L1294 "France" haplogroup has some very distinctive marker values (DYS388=9 and DYS454=12). 

Four Big Ys have now been completed for I-L1294.

The Big Y results show that three Americans with Scottish or English ancestry share a common ancestor who lived approximately 1100 years ago, and they also share approximately 27 SNPs not found in the fourth man, who is an American with likely French paternal ancestry.The common ancestor of all four men lived over 4100 years ago. 

One of the SNPs shared by the three British ancestry men is L1295 and it is available at FTDNA for $39. I have rearranged the sections of our colorized results page to make clear who is known to be L1295+, who is known to be L1295- and who needs to test L1295 
https://www.familytreedna.com/public/I2aHapGroup?iframe=ycolorized

The common ancestor of all three I-L1295 men lived approximately 1100 years ago. However two of the men share another SNP meaning that they have a slightly more recent common ancestor. This SNP is called A13906 and it is available at YSeq.net for $17.50

You can see the I-L1294 and I-L1295 "France" groups at the top of the YFull I-P37 tree: https://www.yfull.com/tree/I-Y21979/  (YFull uses the names I-Y21979 and I-Y21980 for these groups).

2016 I-L160 Draft tree based on Big Y results (slightly updated Dec 2016)

I-M26 is the well known haplogroup is found in Sardinia and throughout the most western parts of Europe. Probably more than 75% of I-M26 men belong to the I-L160 branch. The L160 SNP was discovered in 2009 thanks to a Walk Through the Y test done by I-P37 project member Wil Husted, now deceased. L160 was the first major SNP below I-M26 to be discovered.

Paolo Francalacci's lab sequenced the genomes of approximately 1200 men in Sardinia and 464 belong to I-M26.These men belonged to several very distinct branches as shown in his paper published in Nature in 2013, some were L160- and others L160+. But the largest group of I-M26 men in Sardinia belong to the M26+ L160+ PF4088+ PF4189+ PF4190+ branch. The Genographic 2.0 test (original version) contained many PF series SNPs (named for Paolo Francalacci) that are found in I-PF4190. But for some reason, the Geno 2.0  test (original version) included very few PF SNPs from other branches of I-M26.

The 1000 Genomes project had good coverage of Spain and Latin America and a few I-M26 men were found in Spain, Puerto Rico and Colombia. Some of the SNPs from the two Puerto Rico men were named as Z96-Z128 (approximately), and also added to the Geno 2.0 test. And some of these PF and Z SNPs from the Geno 2.0 test were added to the FTDNA catalog and eventually added to the FTDNA haplotree.

Thanks to all of this, we learned a great deal about the distribution of many branches of I-M26. Because so much was already known, there wasn't an initial rush of orders of the Big Y test. But now several men in I-L160 have completed the Big Y and we have found many new branches as shown on this tree. Click here to download a pdf version.

Current testing recommendations and links to order SNPs at YSeq.net

Here is a list with links to order important SNPs in some branches of I-P37 (and information about STR testing). I will update this as time permits.  I don't intend to include all SNPs, only the newest and most important SNPs. We receive no commission etc from YSeq or FTDNA, this list is for information purposes only. [updated September 2017]

The Dinaric-South cluster is defined by the SNP PH908

A SNP which defines the Dinaric-South cluster has been identified. It is PH908 (position 14107064 C to T). It is inside a region which is not well covered by the Big Y test. Some Big Ys report 1-5 reads for 14107064 but because of the low number of reads this is not reported on FTDNA's Big Y pages and can only be seen with a YFull.com analysis or similar.

PH908 can be tested very reliably by traditional methods and it is available for order at YSeq.net ($17.50 plus a one-time DNA kit fee of $5 for your first test at YSeq):
https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=32650

(Note: in many cases it is not necessary to order PH908, please contact Bernie or Zdenko with any questions.)

Until now, there was no known SNP specific to Dinaric-South:
I-CTS10228 includes all Dinarics:  all of Dinaric-North and all of Dinaric-South
The more specific I-S17250 group includes all Dinaric-South men but it also includes some Dinaric-North men.

Ten people from the I-S17250 haplogroup have received PH908 results from YSeq. Three of them are from different Dinaric-North  branches of the I-S17250 haplogroup. All three Dinaric-North received ancestral PH908- results. Seven Dinaric-South men did the test, many were  I-S17250* and others belonged to I-A356/Z16983. All Dinaric-South men received derived PH908+ results. As mentioned above, some Big Ys show a few reads for PH908.   According to YFull, one Dinaric-South man in I-S17250* had 1 T read at PH908 and another Dinaric-South man in I-A356/Z16983 received 4 T reads (meaning derived/positive). Many Dinaric-North men in I-S17250 and in other branches of I-CTS10228 had only C reads: 1 C, 2 C, 5 C etc. And many Dinaric-South and Dinaric-North men had no reads for PH908.

These results confirm the placement of PH908 as shown in our colored I-L621 tree posted in this blog in August 2016 .

PH908 is not available for individual order at FTDNA but we will ask them to add it to their catalog and/or a SNP pack. PH908 is not yet part of the I2a-M423 SNP panel at YSeq but it can be ordered as an individual SNP at YSeq. As a reminder, YSeq results cannot be transferred to FTDNA.

Update October 7, 2016:

The YFull tree has been updated to v4.09 and it now includes PH908: https://www.yfull.com/tree/I-S17250/
YFull put one sample from P. Francalacci study (ERS256264 = #746/742) in the I-PH908* haplogroup. That means at least one of two Sardinian I-S17250 samples belongs to the Dinaric South cluster.

Link to I-L621 tree showing major STR clusters (Updated)

Click here to see our latest draft tree for I-L621.  We have used colors to show STR marker clusters. For example, the branches belonging to Dinaric-South cluster (DYS448=19, DYS449=30 or similar, and DYS565=9) are colored blue.

We also show the many Dinaric-North branches, the Disles branches, and two small clusters within Dinaic-North: a Jewish cluster, and a Mediterranean cluster. All of these clusters can be easily identified by STR marker values.

This colorized tree is not attempting to show a geographic or ethnic/historical origin for every branch. We are only showing STR clusters. For example, there are no known STR marker values specific to the I-Y4460 branch, therefore I-Y4460 is shown as part of the bigger Dinaric-North STR cluster.

UPDATE 29 August 2016--You will notice that the tree shows that the Dinaric-South group belongs to the I-PH908 branch. PH908 is a SNP that was first reported in the Pille Hallast survey in 2014. This SNP is not covered by the Big Y test and most those who have Big Y test result have no call status for PH908. Some have one or two positive or negative reads. Two persons from DinS cluster (I-S17250* and I-Z16983 haplogroups) have positive T+ results in their YFull reports. Three persons  who have S17250+ and BY128+ results have negative C- results. Two persons from I-Y4460 and I-Z17855 haplogroups also have negative results. The position of this SNP relative to Y4882 is to be investigated.  PH908 could be a characteristic SNP for the Dinaric South cluster. The PH908 test is available at YSeq.net and we recommend it for all Dinaric-South men. Two Din-S men have already reported PH908+ results from YSeq. https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=32650

Below is a thumbnail of the draft tree but you will need to click at the link at the top of the post to see or download a high resolution tree.

Link to July 2016 draft tree for I-L161

Click here for the latest tree for I-L161 "Isles".

Changes since the May 2016 tree:

--sample 129783 added. He is S2742+ and is the only person in his more specific branch with Big Y results. The I-S2742 group includes Isles-B1, Isles-B4 and some smaller branches.

--sample 306862 belongs to the Isles-D3 (also called Isles-D99). He is the only person in Isles-D3/D99 to have done Big Y or similar testing. But we have learned that he shares two SNPs with five anonymous samples who did the Chromo2 test at britainsdna.com So we are now able to label his S7714+ S7708+ branch as I-S7714.

You can see that there was a very rapid expansion in the Isles-C and Isles-D groups: the ancestor of all of Isles-C and Isles-D was Y3734+ and the long list of SNPs equivalent to Y3734 represents thousands of years where there was no permanent increase in the Y3734+ population, and then almost simultaneously it split into at least four lines, all of which have survived to the present day. There are very likely some other surviving lines that diverged from the others at the sample time but no Big Ys have been completed for these lines yet (these lines are the part of Ken Nordtvedt's Isles-D1 group that doesn't fall into one of the branches already on the tree).

There are also some updates to the I-PF4135 section at the bottom of the tree (Isles-A)

Tree for I-Y11222 (a major branch of I-M26 "Sardinian")

Click here to download our first draft tree for I-Y11222.

What is I-Y11222? It's a major branch of I-M26 "Sardinian". The vast majority of men in I-M26 have the very rare value YCAII=11,21 or similar.  (YCAII is one of the 37 STR markers in the popular FTDNA.com genealogy DNA test).

75%+ of these people with 11,21 belong to the I-L160 haplogroup which is found in Sardinia, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Switzerland western Germany, Britain, Ireland etc. So far, the rest of these people with 11,21  belong to I-Y11222 which is found in the same places as I-L160 and which has a similar age as I-L160 (approximately 5500 years ago according to the YFull.com tree) The common ancestor of I-L160 and I-Y11222 surely also had the 11,21 value and lived approximately 8000 years ago.