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Major update reorganizes entire haplogroup I2 tree

Thursday, July 19, 2018

A Latin-American branch in Isles-B: July 18, 2018 tree for I-S2703

Click here to download our July 17, 2018 tree for I-S2703

This tree shows a new I-Y140515* branch, based on a single Big Y for a man with Mexican paternal ancestry. He is a distant STR marker match to a man from Chile.

This tree also shows a more specific I-S2624 branch which contains two Big Ys for an American family that is supposed to have ancestry from England in the 1600s. This branch also contains someone in the Public Genomes Project, that's why many of these SNPs were given S series SNP names many years ago. Click here for my earlier post with more details.

The Mexican man has 18 private variants that weren't found in the I-S2624 Big Ys (these variants aren't shown on the tree).  Based on this number, we would estimate that the common ancestor of I-Y140515 lived a little more than 2000 years ago. But the I-S2624 Big Ys share 35 variants that weren't found in the Mexican man's Big Y. This points to a more ancient common ancestor of I-Y1450515. The Y111 markers for the two groups are very different, so maybe the common ancestor lived several thousand years ago.

Click here to find our previous tree for I-S2703

Tuesday, July 17, 2018

A new branch in Disles: July 17, 2018 tree for I-L621

Click here to download our July 17, 2018 tree for I-L621

This I-L621 tree shows the Disles branches: the branches that are L621+ but CTS10228-. There are many different Disles branches, and I am sure we will continue to find more branches. Some branches are found only in Great Britain and Ireland, and some have been found only in continental Europe (Germany, Poland and Sweden).

This update shows a new branch called I-Y50479, it is part of I-CTS4002. The two known members have paternal ancestry from Germany and southern Poland. Their common ancestor lived more than 2000 years ago.

This new I-Y50479  Big Y was funded from our General Fund, which comes from donations from other I-P37 Project members.

This update also shows more details about the SNPs in the I-A17060 branch.

Here is a summary of the known Disles branches:

L621+ A17060+ (CTS10936-): a small group, all known members have ancestry from Britain/Ireland
L621+ CTS10936+ CTS4002-: one Big Y result for a man with western German ancestry, and probably a Swedish family that hasn't done SNP testing
L621+ CTS10936+ CTS4002+ Y50479+: one man with ancestry from Germany, one man from southern Poland
L621 CTS10936+ CTS4002+ FGC20479+: a large group, all known members have ancestry from Britain/Ireland

Almost all known Disles men have ancestry from Britain or Ireland, and they can be placed in I-A17060 or I-FGC20479  based on their Y-DNA STR marker values. There are only a handful of continental European men who are known to belong to Disles, and most of them are listed above. There is one German-American man who is currently doing SNP testing to determine his branch.

Click here to find our previous tree for I-L621

Monday, July 16, 2018

More details about the I-Z27025 branch: updated I-L160 tree

Click here to see our July 15, 2018 tree for I-L160

Update August 6, 2018: the link above has been corrected. Note: if you download the tree at the link above, you will see the date 2018-07-02 on the upper left corner of the tree, but I think this tree was prepared on 2018-07-15

Our I-L160 tree became too large and we moved the more specific I-CTS11338 branch to a tree of its own, click here for more information.

This update shows additional SNP information for the I-CTS11338 branch.

This update gives more details about the I-Z27025 branch. It contains 5 men with recent Sardinian ancestry, four of these are anonymous samples from the Francalacci (2013) study, and one is a member of our FTDNA project. This branch also contains three American families: one believes he has Irish ancestry. A second family is a distant STR match and has ancestry from Belgium. The third family is more distantly related, it contains several members and is probably English origin.

The three American families share distinctive STR marker values with our Sardinian project member, so we expected that this was one of the small Sardinian I-M26 branches in Francalacci's study, and we sponsored a Big Y for one of our American members with our General Fund money.

The American shares 11 SNPs with Francalacci's samples 315-318. Very likely the other two American families share all of these SNPs. Our Sardinian project member very likely shares all of these, and maybe he shares additional SNPs with some or all of samples 315-318.

Our American project member has 37 private SNPs that weren't found in the Sardinian samples, so any common ancestor with the Sardinian men would have lived more than 4000 years ago.

Click here to see our previous tree for I-L160

A new tree for I-CTS11338/PF4091 (part of I-M26 and I-L160)

Click here to see our first draft tree for I-CTS11338

Our I-L160 tree became too large to fit on one page, so we create a new tree for the more specific I-CTS11338 branch.

For many years I-CTS11338 was much better known than any other part of I-M26. There are two known branches of I-CTS11338: the I-CTS787 branch includes the large I-Z102 haplogroup which is young and usually found in Iberia and France. Some I-Z102 samples were included in the 1000 Genomes project, and some SNPs from these samples were added to the Genographic 2.0 test (original version).

I-CTS787 has not been found in Sardinia, and its overwhelmingly Spanish, Portuguese and French. There are a few I-CTS787 members who were born in England with clear English ancestry, and some Americans with likely German ancestry. This tree shows a new branch for an American family with likely English ancestry.

The second major branch of I-CTS11338 is called I-PF4189. This branch is well known because approximately 75% of I-M26 men in Sardinia belong to I-PF4189, and Francalacci (2013) sequenced the Y chromosomes of approximately 346 men in I-PF4189. Some SNPs from these samples were included added to the Genographic 2.0 test (original version).

There are three known branches of I-PF4189. Two of these branches are known only from Great Britain: I-A19487 and I-A12373. This tree shows new information about both of these branches.

The third branch of I-PF4189 is called I-PF4190 and it includes the 346 men from Sardinia, and some other men who have mostly western German origin. There is only one Big Y sample on this tree for I-PF4190, but we have many project members who belong to this branch, many have recent Sardinian ancestry, others have German ancestry, and other are American of unknown origin.

At this point we haven't found I-PF4189 men from Spain or Portugal. It's interesting that the men who are most closely related to the 346 men living in Sardinia are men from Germany, but their common ancestor lived thousands of years ago.


Click here to find our previous tree for I-L160, which included information on I-CTS11338

two families do additional Big Ys: July 15, 2018 tree for I-L233

Click here to download our 15 July 2018 draft tree for I-L233 "Western"

This tree shows a new I-BY68045 branch. The two men in this branch are American and they have 1800s ancestry from Alsace-Lorraine, they are close cousins. This branch is part of the I-A417 haplogroup which has no known representatives from Britain. The other 3 known families in I-A417 have Irish paternal ancestry, two of them have names that suggest continental European ancestry hundreds of years ago.

Most known branches of I-L233 have representatives from Britain, and in fact have only been found in Britain, this is probably due to much stronger sampling of British-ancestry men (The distribution of I-L233 as a whole suggests an origin for I-L233 in continental Europe)

The I-A16520 branch includes the large and old Lindsey family and some other families, all have Scottish/English origin. This update shows a new Lindsey Big Y result, he belongs to the more specific I-BY32428 branch. There are four known members of this branch, and three of the four share another SNP called BY132915. We will try to determine the fourth man's result for BY132915.

Click here to find our previous tree for I-L233

Monday, July 2, 2018

Another Greek branch in I-Y18331 (parent of I-A2512): Updated I-CTS10228 tree

Click here to download our latest tree for I-CTS10228

This tree shows a new Big Y result for a Greek ancestry man. He is Y18331+ A2512+ A10959+. He belongs to the more specific I-Y66192 branch along with two other Greek men, but he is ancestral for several SNPs that are shared by the other two men.

This tree shows the Y18331 SNP in italics (slanted letters). This is supposed to indicate that the Y18331 SNP is unsuitable for testing because it occurs in a repeat region.

This update also shows a new I-Y90421 branch indicated in red, the known members of I-Y90421 have ancestry from northeastern Europe.

A new branch in Dinaric-South: Updated I-S17250 tree

Click here to download our latest tree for I-S17250

This tree shows a new branch in Dinaric-South (I-PH908), it is called A22312 and the known I-A22312 members have paternal ancestry from Bosnia and Herzegovina and from Montenegro.

This tree also indicates that the I-PH1012 branch contains one of our project members who has Serbian ancestry, and it also contains the anonymous Serbian sample ser-21 from the P. Hallast study.

This tree also shows some other Big Y results, they are shown in red.

Click here to find our previous tree for I-S17250

A French-Canadian in I-A8742: Updated I-L161 tree

Click here to download our latest I-L161 tree

Update August 4, 2018: the link above has been corrected

I-A8742 contains Isles-B5 and some distantly related men, until now all men in I-A8742 have had British/Irish paternal ancestry (mostly English/Scottish). Ken Nordtvedt named the Isles-B5 cluster many years ago but it's not very well defined by STR marker values. Two closely related men in Isles-B5 did the Big Y test several years ago, and they belong to the more specific I-A18001 haplogroup (which FTDNA calls I-BY37256).

More recently, a man with French-Canadian paternal ancestry did Big Y, and he shares 7 SNPs with a man living in England, this branch can be called I-Y55124, but probably FTDNA will call this branch by a different name.


Click here to find our previous tree for I-L161

8 SNPs define a Manx family: Updated I-Y12072 tree

Click here to download our latest I-Y12072 tree

Most of I-Y12072 belongs to the more specific I-PF4135 "Isles-A" haplogroup, which seems to have originated in County Cork, Ireland. But there are some families which left Cork more than 1000 years ago and flourished in Scotland, the Isle of Man, and probably England.

Two men from the same family from the Isle of Man have completed Big Y, and they share 8 SNPs, and this update shows their new I-Y79838 branch. There is another family from the Isle of man which shares many STR markers, and probably they also share many of the 8 SNPs.

As you can see on the tree, the closest relative of the I-Y79838 branch is the I-A19478 branch which is represented by a man with County Cork paternal ancestry. There are many families with Cork ancestry found in all parts of the I-PF4135 haplotree.

Click here to find our previous tree for I-Y12072

More Sardinian samples which share SNPs with project members: Updated I-L160 tree

Click here to download our latest I-L160 tree

This tree shows a new I-Z27030* branch. This is one of many branches in I-M26 which contains both men in Sardinia and men from northern Europe. This branch contains samples 315-318 from P. Francalacci's Sardinian phylogeny (I-L160), and it also contains a cluster of our project members who share some distinctive STR marker values, for example DYS442=11 and DYS438=11. The Big Y for our project member shares 5 SNPs with the 4 Sardinian samples. We will update the tree soon to show these 5 SNPs (one of them is called Z27025).

One of our project members who belongs to this cluster has a Sardinian surname, so we expected that this cluster was represented in Francalacci's study. The other members are American and list northern European ancestry (England, Ireland and Alsace-Lorraine). Based on the number of unique variants found in the new Big Y results, probably the common ancestor of the northern Europeans with the Sardinian men lived more than 4,000 years ago. We will post a new tree showing the shared SNPs soon.

This update also shows two additional Big Y results, and some new SNPs names (shown in red).

Click here to find our previous tree for I-L160

Sunday, July 1, 2018

Isles-D1 can now be called I-A22306: Updated I-Y3723 tree

Click here to download our July 1, 2018 tree for I-Y3723 (part of I-L161 "Isles")

Ken Nordtvedt identified the Isles-C and Isles-D cluster many years ago, based on patterns in Y37 and Y46 tests. Eventually as Y67 tests became more common he was able to identify more specific clusters: first Isles-C1, Isles-C2, Isles-D2, and then Isles-D3/D99. When people did Big Ys, we found SNPs to define the Isles-D2 and Isles-D3 cluster, and we also found a new cluster/branch for the Todd family and their very distant relatives. And we learned that Isles-D2 is most closely related to Isles-C.

All of Isles-C and Isles-D is I-Y3723
More specifically,
I-Y3734 contains all of Isles-C and Isles-D2
I-S7708 contains Isles-D3
I-A10514 contains the Todd Cluster

and everyone who is I-Y3723 but doesn't belong to one of the three more specific branches listed above remains in Isles-D1. Therefore Isles-D1 is a catchall group and is not well defined by STR markers.

There have now been two Big Ys for Isles-D1 and they both share one additional SNP called A22306. The two men are very distantly related so probably many men placed in Isles-D1 belong to I-A22306. And probably some men who are currently placed in our project's Isles-D1 section belong to Isles-D3 or to the Todd cluster, and we might be able to place them in one of these groups if they upgrade to Y67.

This tree also shows more details about the SNPs for the Isles-D3 branches, and it shows a new branch in Isles-C2.


Click here to find our previous tree for I-Y3723

SNPs shared with scientific samples: Updated I-Y11222 tree

Click here to download our July 1, 2018 tree for I-Y11222 (part of I-M26 "Sardinian")

I-M26 is most common in Sardinia, Iberia and France. I-Y11222 is a major branch of I-M26, but so far I-Y11222 is especially typical of northern Europe: Britain, Ireland and western Germany. The much larger I-L60 branch is more typical of Sardinia and Iberia.

So far there are 3 fundamental branches of I-Y11222: I-PF6947, I-Y14718, and I-A11096.

All three branches contain Irish/British men. As far as we know Sardinian men belong only to the I-PF6947 branch, and Spanish/Portuguese men belong only to the I-Y14718 branch.

This update shows a new I-Z27416 branch (part of I-PF6847) it shows some SNPs shared by Sardinian men and German/English men. Of course the common ancestor lived 4000+ years ago based on the Big Y results.

This update also shows details about SNPs shared by an anonymous Puerto Rican man in the 1000 Genomes project (HG01167) and two project members who have Central American ancestry. These three men belong to I-A20936 (part of I-Y14718).

This update also shows a SNP called Y140487 which seems to divide a French-American family into two branches.

Click here to find our previous tree for I-Y11222

July 1 tree for I-F1295

Click here to download our July 1, 2018 tree for I-F1295

This update shows a new branch called I-BY91692. The two men who belong to this branch have British names, but I think they likely have Mexican/Spanish paternal ancestry. One of the men is from Texas and from an adopted paternal line, and the other man is also from the southern US. The two men share some distinctive marker values, especially very low DYS448, with a large Mexican family.

I-BY91692 is part of I-PH1671. For some reason both men had only a few reads reported for PH1671, but they are PH1671+. If you look at my earlier posts about I-F1295 we had trouble placing these men, this was partly due to the PH1671 confusion.

Click here to find our previous tree for I_F1295

A new branch for Western-Isles: Updated I-L233 tree

Click here to download our latest tree for I-L233

Western-Isles is one of the only STR clusters in the I-L233 haplogroup. Western-Isles is a large group and it's only known from Britain and Ireland, mostly Britain. Thanks to an earlier Big Y for one Western-Isles man, we knew that Western-Isles was part of I-A7111. (and I-A7111 contains other British men and one Polish-American man).

Now a second man in Western-Isles has completed a Big Y. The two men share 7 SNPs and probably all Western-Isles men share most or all of these SNPs. This branch can be called I-Y138217. Because the two men share so many SNPs, we can be sure that the Western-Isles branch isn't closely related to the other branches of I-A7111.

This update also shows a second Big Y for an Irish family, the two men share L485 and six additional SNPs. Their surname indicates that they originated in Great Britain or continental Europe, but probably this family has been in Ireland for 600 years or more. The recent Big Y result has 4 private variants that weren't found in the first Big Y.

Click here to find our previous tree for I-L233