I-CTS10228 "Dinaric" samples in Estonian Biocentre Data

The Estonian Biocentre released 307 Y chromosome sequences as mentioned in Dienekes' blog.

The sequences are from all over the world and especially from places not covered in the 1000 Genomes Project, for example, Eastern Europe. You can see a summary of the samples by clicking Y_data_metainfo.xlsx which is the file at the bottom of this directory

There are 13 samples in haplogroup I: 5 samples listed as I1 (from Russia(2), Belarus, Ukraine, and from an Aboriginal Australian). There is one sample listed as I3 from the country of Georgia. There were seven samples listed as I2a, and they all belong to CTS10228 "Dinaric":

The I-P37 project obtained the sequences for the seven I2a samples and compared them to Big Y results and we are in the process of comparing them to the samples from the Hallast study.

See the YFull tree
our most recent I-L621 tree
and the STR results page of the I-P37 project

Estonian Biocenter samples #18357 & 18359 from Belarus have CTS10228>Y4460>Y3118>Y5598>CTS5779
Two kits in the I2a Project have this result, and when we compared these four I-CTS5779 sequences, we found no shared SNPs below CTS5779.

Samples #18429 from Bosnia and #20364 from Herzegovina have CTS10228>S17250*. They share some novel variants with each other that were not tested in Big Ys. There are several Big Y results in this I-S17250* group, but we found no shared SNPs below S17250.

Sample #18440 from Russia (Chuvash) has a I-CTS10228* result. There are only two known I-CTS10228* people in the I-P37 project, one is from Poland and the other belongs to the "Jewish Dinaric cluster". Sample 18440 shares two novel variants with the person in the Jewish Dinaric cluster. The positions (Chr Y: 13203040 and 9853064) are close to the centromere and it may be difficult to design primers to test these SNPs individually. We have asked a related Jewish Dinaric cluster member to test 13203040 at YSeq.net

Sample #21452 from Russia (Vepsas ethnic group, from north of St. Petersburg) has CTS10228>Y4460* (ie. Y3118- S8201-). A Big Y result (ancestry Riga, 1600s) shares two positions with 21452: 21835651 and 22669350. Another shared NV is at 22271330, but it is inside the 125bp repeat region.

Sample #21481 from Lithuania has CTS10228>Y4460>Y3118*  (ie. Y5598-) result. There are three Big Y results in I-Y3118* but we found no additional shared novel variants.

Tree for I-L161 "Isles"

We have several Big Y tests in progress, so I hope we have more updates to this tree soon.

Hint: sometimes it's hard to see the details on this tree. It might be best to save this tree to your computer/device, and then open the tree.

30 Jan 2015: Edited to add:
 The tree above includes Big Y results for several L161+ L1498+ people and the branch at the bottom has three Big Y results for L161+ PF4135+ people. (This tree has a branch at the top for L161+ L1498- L161- but no Big Ys for this group are included).

Tree for I-L621

My New Year's resolution is to post results here promptly. But maybe these trees will contain some obvious errors, so please add a comment or email berniecullen@gmail.com if you see some mistakes. We borrowed the template for this tree from another site, I think an I-M223 site.

December 2014 Tree for I-P37

This tree is dated 2014-11-25c

There are also several changes from the 2014-11-05 tree which you can still see in an earlier post.

November 2014 tree for I-P37

This shows some interesting new SNPs below I-L161 and some other changes. We might make slight updates to this tree soon.

Latest I-P37 tree

The Disles group is complex

The "Disles" group is rare. We give it the nickname Disles because it is related to the very common Dinaric group but it is found very often in the British Isles while the Dinaric group is usually in Eastern and Central Europe. (Disles= D for Dinaric + isles for British Isles).

And there are some important STR marker differences between Dinaric and Disles. The most important is that Dinaric has the rare value DYS565=9, while Disles has DYS565=11 like many other haplogroups.

And now we discovering more SNPs and learning of SNP differences between Dinaric and Disles. For example all Dinarics are CTS5966+ and CTS10228+ while Disles people so far are negative (ancestral) for these two SNPs.

One Disles man did the Geno 2.0 test and the Big Y test earlier this year (kit N52277 who is Australian with British paternal ancestry). He is L621+ but CTS4022- CTS10936- CTS11768- L147- CTS5966- CTS4002- (see figure 1 below). Our working assumption was that all Disles men would have the same results.

But in August another Disles man (kit N113464 who is American with likely paternal ancestry) did the Big Y test, and he is L621+ and CTS4022+ CTS10936+  CTS11768+ L147- CTS5966- CTS4002-. There is another man with paternal ancestry from Poland who has exactly the same SNP results and we have been calling him a "Dinaric cousin". The American and the Polish man are not closely related becaue they have 67 markers quite different from each other.

So now we have two groups of Disles which we are calling Disles B (a more recent common ancestor with the Dinaric group) and Disles A (a more distant common ancestor with the Dinaric group).

We are recommending that all Disles people do additional testing to determine which Disles group they belong to.
--the cheapest test we are recommending is CTS10936 which costs $39 at Family Tree DNA.
--but, it's possible that some Disles people might have differences at CTS4002 or CTS11768 or other SNPs (see Figure 3 below). If you are interested we recommend the Geno 2.0 test which includes all the SNPs shown on the tree, it is currently $159.95 plus $9.95 shipping to the US (higher to other countries):
click to buy Geno 2.0

And the best test is the expensive Big Y or other "full Y chromosome" sequencing.

Please let me know if you have questions at berniecullen@gmail.com and please inform me if you order one of these tests