Updated I-L160 tree

We've had several sets of Geno 2.0 results and I have updated the tree for I-L160 (which is called I2a1b at FTDNA, it's part of I-M26 "Sardinian").

I've added CTS787 to the tree for the first time. I had omitted it on some earlier trees, it was thought to be equivalent to Z118. But now we have a person who is CTS787+ and negative for all downstream SNPs including Z118.

It's also become clear that there is a large and complex group of people who are PF4088+ and CTS11338-. There are several SNPs that have been found in this group, but so far they have each been found in only one family: L1299, PF5084, CTS8386. There are 8 people so far with PF4088+ CTS11338- results and they have 67 and 111 STR markers that are quite different from each other.

The top tree is thanks to Zdenko Markovic and the handwritten tree is my own--Bernie

Top level SNPs in I-P37.2

Click on tree to enlarge. There are five main branches of I-P37.2 and this tree shows how they are related:
the M423+ branch is CTS595-
and the other four branches (L1286, L880, L1294 and M26) are all CTS595+.

We still need to sort out these four CTS595+ branches. It's possible that PF3983 will be useful: we know that three branches are PF3983+ (these three branches are L880, L1294 and M26) but we aren't sure what the status of PF3983 is for the L1286 group. (We know that the M423 branch is PF3983-). But we have been unable to determine a PF3983 result for L1286 at Geno 2.0 or FTDNA, probably L1286+ people

have some mutation in the area of PF3983 that is interfering with the test.

Eventually we will have full Y/Big Y sequencing for all of these groups that will help us figure out the rest of the branching pattern. We have  multiple Big Y tests in progress for people in L621, L161, L233 and M26 but none for the other groups which are all much rarer.

We already have at least one Geno 2.0 result for every group except I-L1295 "France-Scotland", and we have learned a lot from Geno 2.0, especially for the L621, L161 and M26 groups. At this point I think we have learned most of what there is to learn from Geno 2.0, and I am recommending it mainly for people in the I-L160 group (which is part of M26).

(The top tree is thanks to Zdenko Markovic and the handwritten tree is my own--Bernie)

(from Sept 2013) Tree for I-L160

(from Sept 2013) Main branches of I-M26

All known I-M26 is either F1915+ or L672+. I-L672 is by far the larger group.

I-L672 can be L160+, PF6947+ or can be I-L672*, with the * meaning no known additional derived SNPs beyond L672.

I-L160 is by far the biggest group, and it has at least 10 SNP defined branches of its own, see the separate L160 tree.

I-PF6947 is a small group known only from Ireland.

All of the I-L672* "France" and "DYS413=19,22" groups and most or all of the "generic" group are more recently related to I-PF6947, not I-L160. We know this from 111 marker results, they share some distinctive marker values, in particular DYS532=9.

(from July 2013) Geno 2.0 Results for I-M26 Maltese gentleman

We now have a Geno 2.0 CSV file for someone with paternal ancestry from Malta (an island in the Mediterranean, between Africa and Sicily/Italy). He clearly is related to the I-M26 people in Sardinia. The question I have is, does he have recent ancestry from Sardinia/Sicily/Italy, or has his paternal line been in Malta for thousands of years?

(from July 2013) L160 Tree with Geno 2.0 SNPs, updated and simplified

We have nine Geno 2.0 results for I-L160 which fall into eight different subgroups. Unless one of your relatives or close matches have done Geno 2.0, it's impossible to predict what group you will belong to. And it's very likely that we will discover new groups when more I-L160 people do Geno 2.0. All of the SNPs on this tree are included in the Geno 2.0 test which costs $199, and they all can be ordered at FTDNA for $39 each. But you would need to order at least two SNPs and probably many more, so Geno is probably a better idea.

(from July 2013) Early Branches of I-M26

Four branches of I-M26 have been known for a few years:

M26+ L672+
M26+ L277+
M26+ L277+ L247+
M26+ (L672- and L277-)

What's new is that several L672+ men and one L247+ man have completed Geno 2.0 tests. We learned that the L247+ man is ancestral for 17 SNPs that previously were thought to be equivalent to M26. Now the M26+ L672- L277- man is doing the Geno 2.0 test, and I expect that he will be on his own branch that split off even earlier, and he will be ancestral for some of the 36 SNPs that currently give results equivalent to M26.

The Mexican-American M26+ L277+ L247+ also had two new SNP results at Geno 2.0: he is F1915+ and YSC0000078+. These occur somewhere in the area of L277 or L247.